The Golden Thread
About this Episode
Harmonia explores Judith Sargent Murray, whose radical belief in the equality of every soul helped build the world we live in today.
The Woman Who Built the Floor We Stand On
Podcast Episode Season Number
1
Podcast Episode Number
143
Podcast Episode Description
Harmonia tells the story of Judith Sargent Murray, one of America's earliest and most passionate advocates for the equality of women --- a woman who wrote the truth in 1779 and waited eleven years for the world to catch up. From a merchant family library in Gloucester to a private mansion in Natchez where her letters sat undiscovered for 164 years, Judith trusted the future enough to write into it. This episode explores the Universalist faith that grounded her convictions, the seeds she planted that the world is still growing, and the drawer we all have waiting to be opened.
Podcast Transcript

You came back.

I'm glad.

Last time I told you about Anthony Benezet --- a small, quiet man who spent his whole life insisting that every human soul deserved to be treated as fully human. He said it about the enslaved. He said it about the poor. He said it about children nobody else thought worth educating.

He planted something.

Today I want to tell you about a woman who picked up the same seed --- and planted it somewhere Anthony hadn't quite reached.

Her name was Judith Sargent Murray.

She lived in a new nation drunk on the idea of freedom --- a nation that had just told the world, boldly and beautifully, that all people were created equal.

Almost all people.

She noticed.

Come with me to Gloucester, Massachusetts. The salt air is sharp, the harbor is full of ships, and a young woman is sitting in her father's library --- reading everything, thinking everything, and writing it all down.

She was twenty-three years old when she picked up the first blank volume.

Not a diary. Not a journal. Something more deliberate than that.

Every letter she wrote --- to her family, to her friends, to the people she was arguing with and learning from and loving --- she copied by hand into those blank books before she sent it. Every one. For the next forty-four years.

Most women of her time didn't do this. Most women of her time didn't think their letters were worth saving. The world had spent considerable energy making sure they believed that.

Judith didn't believe it.

She knew she was living through something important. She knew the thoughts she was thinking --- about women, about education, about the dignity of the human mind --- were thoughts that the world wasn't ready for yet. And she was going to make sure they survived until it was.

Twenty volumes. Approximately two thousand five hundred letters. She carried them with her everywhere. All the way from Gloucester to Boston. And finally, in the last years of her life, all the way to Natchez, Mississippi, where she went to be near her daughter.

And then she died.

And for one hundred and sixty-four years, historians believed those letter books had been destroyed. Lost to time. Gone.

Until 1984, when a Universalist minister named Gordon Gibson, serving a congregation near Natchez, decided to go looking anyway.

He found them in the private library of an old mansion called Arlington. Sitting quietly. Waiting.

Just as she had always known they would.

That is who Judith Sargent Murray was.

A woman who wrote into the future --- and trusted the future to find her.

I was drawn to her early.

That happens sometimes. Most people I watch from a distance --- I notice them the way you notice a light in a window as you pass by. But occasionally someone pulls me closer. Judith was like that. There was something in the quality of her attention that I recognized.

She was the oldest child of a serious Gloucester family --- merchants, shipowners, people who understood that the world was built on careful thought and hard work. Her father was proud of her in the way that complicated fathers are proud of brilliant daughters. He read her poetry to the family when she was nine years old. He hired a tutor for her brother Winthrop, who was preparing for Harvard.

He let Judith sit in on the lessons.

I watched her in those sessions. She absorbed everything Winthrop absorbed. She asked better questions. And then Winthrop went to Harvard, and Judith went to marriage --- because that was simply what the world was in 1769, and even the best fathers paid homage to it.

She married John Stevens, a ship captain. A respectable match. She did what was expected of her, and she kept reading, kept thinking, kept filling the pages of her father's library with her own urgent annotations.

The Revolution came. I watched Gloucester feel it --- the arguments about liberty crackling through the salt air like electricity before a storm. Judith was twenty-five when Philadelphia declared that all men were created equal.

I remember the look on her face when she read those words.

She wasn't angry. Not yet. She was precise. She was asking a very specific question.

In 1779, with the war still unresolved, she wrote her answer down. She argued that women were not inferior in reason, memory, judgment, or imagination. That whatever deficiencies appeared were the direct result of denied education, and nothing else. She wrote it without apology, without hedging, without softening a single word.

Then she put it in a drawer.

I understood why. The world wasn't ready. She knew it. So she waited --- eleven years --- and kept writing other things, kept building the argument from the inside out.

Meanwhile the war ended and John Stevens's business collapsed. He slipped away in the night onto one of her brother's ships, running from debtor's prison, and sailed to the West Indies. He died there.

Judith was widowed and poor. She started writing for money.

And then John Murray --- the Universalist minister who had preached in her family's church, who had corresponded with her for years --- wrote her a letter from Boston Harbor just as he was about to sail for England.

He told her he had loved her since they first met. That honor had kept him silent while she was married. That he was asking now.

I was there when she read it.

She said yes.

They married in 1788. Their first son lived only a few hours. I sat with her in that grief. And then I watched her go back to her desk.

In 1791 she gave birth to Julia Maria --- her daughter, her great project. She raised that child with fierce intention. To think. To learn. To reverence herself.

She was building the world she believed in, one child at a time.

I want to tell you about the religion that made Judith possible.

Not because faith is a simple explanation for a complicated person. But because the ground matters. You can't understand what Judith was doing without understanding the soil she was growing in.

She had been raised Congregationalist --- Calvinist, really. And Calvinism in eighteenth century New England was a serious, heavy thing. It told you that God had already decided who was saved and who was not. That most people were destined for damnation. That grace was scarce and humans were fallen and the best you could do was hope you were among the chosen.

I had watched Calvinism for a long time by then. I understood its uses. But I had also watched what it did to people who were already told they were lesser --- women, the poor, the enslaved. It had a way of making the arrangements of the world feel like the arrangements of God.

And then Universalism arrived in Gloucester.

John Murray --- the same man who would later become Judith's husband --- came to preach in 1774. And what he preached was extraordinary. He said that God's love was not scarce. That salvation was not reserved for a chosen few. That every soul --- every single soul --- would ultimately be redeemed.

Every soul.

I watched the Sargent family hear that for the first time. I watched Judith hear it.

And I watched her follow the logic to its conclusion --- faster, I think, than almost anyone else in that room.

If every soul is equally precious before the eternal. If no soul is beyond redemption. If grace is not a scarce resource rationed out by God to the deserving few ---

Then the intellectual inferiority of women is a theological impossibility.

She didn't say it quite that way. But that is what she meant. I could see it in everything she wrote afterward.

She said it plainly in her essay. She asked --- and I remember these words because I was there when she wrote them --- is it reasonable that a candidate for immortality should be so degraded as to be allowed no other ideas than those suggested by the mechanism of a pudding?

That sentence came directly from the Universalist God. A God who looked at every soul and saw the same thing.

She wrote a catechism for children in 1782 --- the earliest writing by an American Universalist woman. She was teaching the next generation not just theology, but its consequences. If you believe every soul is equal before God, you cannot turn around and tell your daughter that her mind is worth less than her brother's.

Judith never separated her faith from her argument. They were the same argument.

I found that beautiful. I still do.

The world she was pushing against was not just a political world. It was a theological world --- one that had used God to justify the smallness it imposed on women for centuries. Judith was using God right back.

And she was doing it from the inside, with their own logic, in their own language.

That is a particular kind of courage. The kind that cannot be easily dismissed.

Let me tell you what she left behind.

In 1790 she finally pulled that essay out of the drawer. Eleven years after she wrote it. She published it in the Massachusetts Magazine under her pen name, Constantia --- because the world would take it more seriously if it didn't immediately know a woman had written it. The irony was not lost on her. She submitted it anyway.

It predated Mary Wollstonecraft's celebrated Vindication of the Rights of Woman by two years. I want you to sit with that for a moment. The woman history remembers as the great early voice for women's equality --- Judith got there first. Alone, in Gloucester, without a movement behind her, without anyone telling her the idea was possible.

She just thought it. And wrote it down. And waited.

The Gleaner followed --- three volumes of essays, published in 1798. She recruited eight hundred subscribers before it went to print. George Washington bought a copy. John Adams bought a copy. She dedicated it to the President and Vice President of the new nation, as if to say --- this belongs in the same conversation as everything else you are building.

Because it did.

I watched those ideas move. Slowly at first --- the way all seeds move, underground, invisible. The women who read Judith and felt something unlock in them. The daughters raised to reverence themselves who raised their own daughters the same way. The quiet accumulation of a different expectation, passed hand to hand across generations.

She didn't live to see most of it.

She spent her last years in Natchez, Mississippi, far from Gloucester, far from Boston, living near her daughter in a world that had moved on without fully crediting her. John Murray was gone. Her plays had not succeeded. The fame she had worked toward so deliberately had not arrived the way she hoped.

And yet she had carried those letter books all the way to Natchez. Twenty volumes. Two thousand five hundred letters. She never stopped believing the future would come looking.

It did. In 1984, in a private library called Arlington, a minister went looking and found them.

And the scholars came. And the biographies were written. And Judith Sargent Murray was restored to the story she had always belonged in.

Her daughter had inscribed on her gravestone --- Dear spirit, the monumental stone can never speak thy worth.

I have stood at a great many graves in my long life. That inscription stopped me.

Because the stone couldn't speak her worth. But the letter books could. And the essays could. And the daughters of daughters of daughters, living in a world where the equality of the female mind is simply assumed to be true --- they speak her worth every single day, without knowing her name.

That is how the golden thread works.

It doesn't always announce itself. It just keeps moving forward, carried by people who trusted the future enough to write into it.

Judith trusted it completely.

I want to speak to you directly for a moment.

The world you woke up in this morning --- the one where a girl's education is assumed, where a woman's voice in a room is expected to carry weight, where the intelligence of half the human race is no longer seriously in question --- that world did not build itself.

Judith built part of it.

Not alone. Never alone. But she was one of the ones who insisted, at considerable personal cost, when almost no one was listening, and when the world had arranged itself very deliberately to ignore her.

You are standing on a floor she helped lay. I just want you to know that.

And now I want to ask you something.

Judith's argument --- at its deepest --- was never only about women. It was about the soul. Every soul equally precious. Every soul equally deserving of the chance to become what it is capable of becoming. No exceptions made for the body it inhabits, the family it was born into, the place it calls home.

Look around.

That argument is not finished.

There are still souls being told their minds don't matter. Still children being handed a smaller future than they deserve. Still voices writing into drawers, waiting for a world that isn't ready yet.

Judith waited eleven years.

The thread is still moving. And some part of moving it --- some small, faithful, necessary part --- belongs to you.

I have been thinking about that drawer.

Eleven years. She wrote the truth in 1779 and the world didn't hear it until 1790. And in between she kept living --- kept writing other things, kept building her argument quietly from the inside, kept copying her letters into blank volumes that nobody asked for.

She never stopped. She just waited for the right moment and kept working until it arrived.

I want to ask you something, and I want you to really sit with it.

What is in your drawer?

Not a literal drawer, necessarily. But something you know. Something you have thought carefully and felt deeply and maybe even written down --- but haven't sent yet. Haven't said yet. Haven't trusted the world to receive yet.

Maybe the world isn't ready. Maybe you're right about that.

Judith was right about that too.

But she kept writing anyway. She kept copying those letters into blank volumes, trusting that someday --- even if she never saw it --- someone would come looking.

Someone always comes looking.

Your voice matters. Not eventually. Now. Even if the audience isn't assembled yet. Even if the room is quiet.

Write it down.

The future is already leaning in to hear you.

Next time I want to introduce you to someone from my own family.

His name is Aion.

He is the god of eternal time --- of cycles and ages and the long, slow turning of everything. And lately, after walking with Judith, I find myself thinking about him more than usual.

Because Judith planted seeds she never saw flower. And Aion would say --- that's exactly how it's supposed to work. That's not tragedy. That's the nature of time itself.

I think you'll find him worth knowing.

But before I go --- I want to leave you with one image.

A young woman. Twenty-three years old. Sitting at a desk in Gloucester, Massachusetts, copying a letter into a blank book that nobody asked her to keep.

She is not famous yet. She may never be famous. She doesn't know that her papers will be lost for a hundred and sixty-four years, or that a minister will find them in a mansion in Mississippi, or that scholars will eventually restore her name to the story she always belonged in.

She just knows that what she is thinking matters.

And she writes it down anyway.

That's all it ever takes.

Much love. I am, Harmonia.

Religion
Denomination
Judith Sargent Murray, women's equality, Universalism, Golden Thread podcast, Harmonia narrator, early American feminism, On the Equality of the Sexes, The Gleaner, spiritual history, women's rights, soul dignity, progressive revelation